Preterm
Labour

Preterm labour occurs when regular uterine contractions and cervical changes begin before 37 completed weeks of pregnancy. Early recognition and timely medical attention are important because premature birth may increase the risk of health complications for the newborn.

Possible symptoms include regular contractions, lower abdominal cramps, persistent backache, pelvic pressure, vaginal spotting, or leakage of fluid. Risk factors may include previous preterm birth, multiple pregnancy, infections, cervical problems, and certain maternal health conditions.

Diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, cervical assessment, ultrasound, and other investigations when indicated. Management depends on gestational age and clinical condition and may include medications, close monitoring, and specialized maternal and neonatal care.